Steroid Hormones
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Made from chloresterol and C,H,O rings
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Fat soluble- so they can PASS thru the lipid bilayer
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Combine with hydrophillic carrier proteins: forming water soluble complexes
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Examples : sex + cortisol
ACTION
1. Diffuse into target cell (b/c they can pass thru the lipid bilayer in the cell membrane)
2. @ cytoplasm ... combine with recpetor molecule to make hormone receptor complex
3. This complex moves to nucleus and attaches to a DNA segment
4. The binidng (in)activates gene which sends a message to the ribosome to make/stop the protein
Protein Hormones
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Made of aa chains (aa=amino acids)
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Water solubl, diffuses in blood
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Combine with receptors on cell membrane
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Examples: Insulin and growth hormones
ACTION
1. Combines with a recepetor site @ cell membrane
2. The receptor changes shape
3. Signal is activated and lets the hormone receptor complex enter the cell
4. Changes in the cell like an enzyme release: phospahte group added to certain proteins and the proteins are (de)activated
(Pass the CSCS Exam, 2015)
(AP Biology, 2008)