Grade 12 University

Hypothalamus

Releasing+Inhibiting (GHRH)

to the anterior pituary to regulate the hormones it releases

 

Anterior Pituitary

Prolactin to mammary glands to make milk and grow breasts

Growth to bone +soft tissue to make them grow

Thyroid-stimulating to thyroid gland for growth and releasing hormones

Adrenocorticotropic to adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids

Follicle-Stimulating to ovaries (girls: egg growth + release sex hormones) + testes (dudes: sperm making)

Luteinizing to ovaries (girls: regulate ovulation) + testes (dudes: release sex hormones)

Melanocyte-stimulating to skin's melanocytes to tan

Endorphins to nervous system's pain pathways to stop the pain and make you feel good

 

Posterior Pituitary

Antidiuretic (ADH) to kidneys to increase water reaborption while increasing blood volume and pressure

Oxytocin to uterus (contractions) + mmamry glands (makes breast release the milk)

 

Islets of Langerhans (in Pancreas)

Insulin (Beta Cells) When blood sugar is high (like after a meal) insulin coverts glucose into glycogen (storage form)

Glucagon (Alpha Cells) When blood sugar is low (breaskfast skippers) glucagon converts glycogen to glucose 

 

Adrenal Medulla

epinephrine (adrenaline) + norepinephrine (non-adrenaline)

When you're in stress, sympathic nerves tells adrenal medulla to release these guys.  They give your muscles energy by converting glycogen (storage) to glucose (usuable) 

 

Adrenal Cortex

Glucocorticoids 

-lower inflammation 

-CORTISOL : to recover from stress, it increases amino acids in blood + coverts it to glucose (more energy)

Mineralcorticoids 

-ALDOSTERONE: increase Na+ reabsorption for Kidneys to increase blood voulme + pressure

 

Thyroid Gland

Thyroxine (T4) + Triiodothyronine (T3)

Regulate metabloism --> T4 increases it 

Calcitonin 

If you drink lots of milk, there's gonna be lots of calcium in your blood.  This hormone senses this and put some calcium in your bones.  

 

Parathyroid

Parathyroid 

You haven't been drinking milk so now there's a low amount of calcium in your blood.  This hormone targets bones, kidney and intestine to reabsorb calcium into your blood.  (They steal some calcium for your blood)

 

Pineal Gland

Melatonin

-Tagerting the hypothalamus

- Regulates sleep

-Start puberty